Personal space is the term that refers (1) ... the distance we like to keep between ourselves and other people. When someone we do not know well gets too close we usually begin to feel uncomfortable. Living in cities has made people develop new skills for dealing (2) ... situations where they are very close to strangers. Most people (3) ... crowded trains try not to look at strangers, they avoid (4) ... skin contact, and we apologise (5) ... people if our hands touch by (6) ... mistake. People use newspapers as (7) ... barrier between themselves and other people and if they still do not have a newspaper, they stare (8) ... the distance, making sure they are not looking into anyone‟s eyes.

Personal space is the term that refers (1) ... the distance we like to keep between ourselves and other people. When someone we do not know well gets too close we usually begin to feel uncomfortable. Living in cities has made people develop new skills for dealing (2) ... situations where they are very close to strangers. Most people (3) ... crowded trains try not to look at strangers, they avoid (4) ... skin contact, and we apologise (5) ... people if our hands touch by (6) ... mistake. People use newspapers as (7) ... barrier between themselves and other people and if they still do not have a newspaper, they stare (8) ... the distance, making sure they are not looking into anyone‟s eyes.

Have you ever visited the doctor with an earache or a sore throat? Chances are, you (1) ... antibiotics to treat the problem. Alexander Fleming (2) ... across the first antibiotic, penicillin, by accident in 1928. The medicine was then developed and became widely available in the 1940s. It (3) ... against anything from blood poisoning to tonsillitis. In fact, since then, antibiotics (4) ... so easy to obtain that they are being overused. They are really for treating serious bacterial infections. Some people believe that antibiotics can be used to cure the common cold or flu but, as these are both viruses, antibiotics (5) ... no effect on them whatsoever. The overuse of antibiotics (6) ... infections known as superbugs to develop. These superbugs are too tough {устой­чи­вый) for antibiotics to fight and may be a big problem for future generations. So what can we do? Well, only take antibiotics when necessary and, if your doctor (7) ... them to you, be sure to follow the instructions and finish the course.

Have you ever visited the doctor with an earache or a sore throat? Chances are, you (1) ... antibiotics to treat the problem. Alexander Fleming (2) ... across the first antibiotic, penicillin, by accident in 1928. The medicine was then developed and became widely available in the 1940s. It (3) ... against anything from blood poisoning to tonsillitis. In fact, since then, antibiotics (4) ... so easy to obtain that they are being overused. They are really for treating serious bacterial infections. Some people believe that antibiotics can be used to cure the common cold or flu but, as these are both viruses, antibiotics (5) ... no effect on them whatsoever. The overuse of antibiotics (6) ... infections known as superbugs to develop. These superbugs are too tough {устой­чи­вый) for antibiotics to fight and may be a big problem for future generations. So what can we do? Well, only take antibiotics when necessary and, if your doctor (7) ... them to you, be sure to follow the instructions and finish the course.

Have you ever visited the doctor with an earache or a sore throat? Chances are, you (1) ... antibiotics to treat the problem. Alexander Fleming (2) ... across the first antibiotic, penicillin, by accident in 1928. The medicine was then developed and became widely available in the 1940s. It (3) ... against anything from blood poisoning to tonsillitis. In fact, since then, antibiotics (4) ... so easy to obtain that they are being overused. They are really for treating serious bacterial infections. Some people believe that antibiotics can be used to cure the common cold or flu but, as these are both viruses, antibiotics (5) ... no effect on them whatsoever. The overuse of antibiotics (6) ... infections known as superbugs to develop. These superbugs are too tough {устой­чи­вый) for antibiotics to fight and may be a big problem for future generations. So what can we do? Well, only take antibiotics when necessary and, if your doctor (7) ... them to you, be sure to follow the instructions and finish the course.

Have you ever visited the doctor with an earache or a sore throat? Chances are, you (1) ... antibiotics to treat the problem. Alexander Fleming (2) ... across the first antibiotic, penicillin, by accident in 1928. The medicine was then developed and became widely available in the 1940s. It (3) ... against anything from blood poisoning to tonsillitis. In fact, since then, antibiotics (4) ... so easy to obtain that they are being overused. They are really for treating serious bacterial infections. Some people believe that antibiotics can be used to cure the common cold or flu but, as these are both viruses, antibiotics (5) ... no effect on them whatsoever. The overuse of antibiotics (6) ... infections known as superbugs to develop. These superbugs are too tough {устой­чи­вый) for antibiotics to fight and may be a big problem for future generations. So what can we do? Well, only take antibiotics when necessary and, if your doctor (7) ... them to you, be sure to follow the instructions and finish the course.

Archaeologists (1) ... that a perfectly preserved 5,500-year-old shoe has been discovered in a cave in Armenia in south-west Asia. It is (2) ... to be the oldest leather shoe ever found. The shoe was made of a single piece of leather, stitched at the front and back, and was shaped to fit the wearer’s foot. It had been stuffed with grasses, either for warmth or to make sure it kept its shape. The shoe is relatively small but we can’t say for (3) ... whether it was worn by a man or a woman,’ says Dr Ron Pinhasi, an archaeologist on the research team. ‘We thought at first that it was about 600−700 years old because it was in such good shape.’ Shoes of this type from later periods have turned up in archaeological excavations in various places in Europe, and shoes of a very similar design were still being used on the Aran Islands off the west coast of Ireland as (4) ... as the 1950s. It’s obviously a style which (5) ... popular for thousands of years.

Archaeologists (1) ... that a perfectly preserved 5,500-year-old shoe has been discovered in a cave in Armenia in south-west Asia. It is (2) ... to be the oldest leather shoe ever found. The shoe was made of a single piece of leather, stitched at the front and back, and was shaped to fit the wearer’s foot. It had been stuffed with grasses, either for warmth or to make sure it kept its shape. The shoe is relatively small but we can’t say for (3) ... whether it was worn by a man or a woman,’ says Dr Ron Pinhasi, an archaeologist on the research team. ‘We thought at first that it was about 600−700 years old because it was in such good shape.’ Shoes of this type from later periods have turned up in archaeological excavations in various places in Europe, and shoes of a very similar design were still being used on the Aran Islands off the west coast of Ireland as (4) ... as the 1950s. It’s obviously a style which (5) ... popular for thousands of years.

Archaeologists (1) ... that a perfectly preserved 5,500-year-old shoe has been discovered in a cave in Armenia in south-west Asia. It is (2) ... to be the oldest leather shoe ever found. The shoe was made of a single piece of leather, stitched at the front and back, and was shaped to fit the wearer’s foot. It had been stuffed with grasses, either for warmth or to make sure it kept its shape. The shoe is relatively small but we can’t say for (3) ... whether it was worn by a man or a woman,’ says Dr Ron Pinhasi, an archaeologist on the research team. ‘We thought at first that it was about 600−700 years old because it was in such good shape.’ Shoes of this type from later periods have turned up in archaeological excavations in various places in Europe, and shoes of a very similar design were still being used on the Aran Islands off the west coast of Ireland as (4) ... as the 1950s. It’s obviously a style which (5) ... popular for thousands of years.

Archaeologists (1) ... that a perfectly preserved 5,500-year-old shoe has been discovered in a cave in Armenia in south-west Asia. It is (2) ... to be the oldest leather shoe ever found. The shoe was made of a single piece of leather, stitched at the front and back, and was shaped to fit the wearer’s foot. It had been stuffed with grasses, either for warmth or to make sure it kept its shape. The shoe is relatively small but we can’t say for (3) ... whether it was worn by a man or a woman,’ says Dr Ron Pinhasi, an archaeologist on the research team. ‘We thought at first that it was about 600−700 years old because it was in such good shape.’ Shoes of this type from later periods have turned up in archaeological excavations in various places in Europe, and shoes of a very similar design were still being used on the Aran Islands off the west coast of Ireland as (4) ... as the 1950s. It’s obviously a style which (5) ... popular for thousands of years.

Archaeologists (1) ... that a perfectly preserved 5,500-year-old shoe has been discovered in a cave in Armenia in south-west Asia. It is (2) ... to be the oldest leather shoe ever found. The shoe was made of a single piece of leather, stitched at the front and back, and was shaped to fit the wearer’s foot. It had been stuffed with grasses, either for warmth or to make sure it kept its shape. The shoe is relatively small but we can’t say for (3) ... whether it was worn by a man or a woman,’ says Dr Ron Pinhasi, an archaeologist on the research team. ‘We thought at first that it was about 600−700 years old because it was in such good shape.’ Shoes of this type from later periods have turned up in archaeological excavations in various places in Europe, and shoes of a very similar design were still being used on the Aran Islands off the west coast of Ireland as (4) ... as the 1950s. It’s obviously a style which (5) ... popular for thousands of years.

§1. In 2004, Pen Hadow became the first person to trek to the North Pole alone. That meant swimming through unimaginably cold waters, fighting frostbite and risking encounters with polar bears. Just eight months later, he made a similar trip to the South Pole. Now he is back in the Arctic again, preparing for an expedition he says is somewhat of a different kind. This time there is far more at stake. Pen and two colleagues will set out on a three-month, 1,000-kilometre trek to the North Pole, taking detailed measurements of the thickness and density of the ice. Nobody has ever done this before, and he knows the results will be of vital importance to the scientific community. This will be the truest picture yet of what global warming is doing to the ice that covers the polar region.

§ 2. Pen and his wife live in the country with their two children. 'They were one and five when I last went, and I made a mistake in the way I said goodbye. I thought it would be a good idea to say to my son, "You’re the man of the house now, look after your mum and your sister." He absolutely took it to heart, asking his mum how she was all the time, but the strain eventually became too much. While it was well intentioned, it was an unfair thing to do'. For similar reasons he is planning to have very little contact with them while in the Arctic. 'If you call them, you remind them how far away you are'.

§ 3. He is spending these last days before departure preparing his kit "Out on the ice, one is virtually incapable of mending things," he says. With him will be Ann Daniels, one of the world’s leading polar explorers, and the expedition photographer, Martin Hartley. They will be supported by a crew of six, flying in supplies. Being part of a team is actually more stressful to someone with his mentality, says Pen, and something else is on his mind top. "I'm going to be 47 on Thursday. I’ve done far less training than I’m comfortable with." Why? "Organisational things always seem more urgent. So I’m almost fearful of what I'm going to ask of myself."

§ 4. Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove previous generations into the unknown. "Making it to the North Pole was ultimately a personal ambition," he admits, "and of limited value to anyone beyond the polar adventuring community. This time, scientists will profit from the data, and we’re creating a platform in which to engage as many people as possible in what’s happening in the Arctic Ocean."

§1. In 2004, Pen Hadow became the first person to trek to the North Pole alone. That meant swimming through unimaginably cold waters, fighting frostbite and risking encounters with polar bears. Just eight months later, he made a similar trip to the South Pole. Now he is back in the Arctic again, preparing for an expedition he says is somewhat of a different kind. This time there is far more at stake. Pen and two colleagues will set out on a three-month, 1,000-kilometre trek to the North Pole, taking detailed measurements of the thickness and density of the ice. Nobody has ever done this before, and he knows the results will be of vital importance to the scientific community. This will be the truest picture yet of what global warming is doing to the ice that covers the polar region.

§ 2. Pen and his wife live in the country with their two children. 'They were one and five when I last went, and I made a mistake in the way I said goodbye. I thought it would be a good idea to say to my son, "You’re the man of the house now, look after your mum and your sister." He absolutely took it to heart, asking his mum how she was all the time, but the strain eventually became too much. While it was well intentioned, it was an unfair thing to do'. For similar reasons he is planning to have very little contact with them while in the Arctic. 'If you call them, you remind them how far away you are'.

§ 3. He is spending these last days before departure preparing his kit "Out on the ice, one is virtually incapable of mending things," he says. With him will be Ann Daniels, one of the world’s leading polar explorers, and the expedition photographer, Martin Hartley. They will be supported by a crew of six, flying in supplies. Being part of a team is actually more stressful to someone with his mentality, says Pen, and something else is on his mind top. "I'm going to be 47 on Thursday. I’ve done far less training than I’m comfortable with." Why? "Organisational things always seem more urgent. So I’m almost fearful of what I'm going to ask of myself."

§ 4. Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove previous generations into the unknown. "Making it to the North Pole was ultimately a personal ambition," he admits, "and of limited value to anyone beyond the polar adventuring community. This time, scientists will profit from the data, and we’re creating a platform in which to engage as many people as possible in what’s happening in the Arctic Ocean."

§1. In 2004, Pen Hadow became the first person to trek to the North Pole alone. That meant swimming through unimaginably cold waters, fighting frostbite and risking encounters with polar bears. Just eight months later, he made a similar trip to the South Pole. Now he is back in the Arctic again, preparing for an expedition he says is somewhat of a different kind. This time there is far more at stake. Pen and two colleagues will set out on a three-month, 1,000-kilometre trek to the North Pole, taking detailed measurements of the thickness and density of the ice. Nobody has ever done this before, and he knows the results will be of vital importance to the scientific community. This will be the truest picture yet of what global warming is doing to the ice that covers the polar region.

§ 2. Pen and his wife live in the country with their two children. 'They were one and five when I last went, and I made a mistake in the way I said goodbye. I thought it would be a good idea to say to my son, "You’re the man of the house now, look after your mum and your sister." He absolutely took it to heart, asking his mum how she was all the time, but the strain eventually became too much. While it was well intentioned, it was an unfair thing to do'. For similar reasons he is planning to have very little contact with them while in the Arctic. 'If you call them, you remind them how far away you are'.

§ 3. He is spending these last days before departure preparing his kit "Out on the ice, one is virtually incapable of mending things," he says. With him will be Ann Daniels, one of the world’s leading polar explorers, and the expedition photographer, Martin Hartley. They will be supported by a crew of six, flying in supplies. Being part of a team is actually more stressful to someone with his mentality, says Pen, and something else is on his mind top. "I'm going to be 47 on Thursday. I’ve done far less training than I’m comfortable with." Why? "Organisational things always seem more urgent. So I’m almost fearful of what I'm going to ask of myself."

§ 4. Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove previous generations into the unknown. "Making it to the North Pole was ultimately a personal ambition," he admits, "and of limited value to anyone beyond the polar adventuring community. This time, scientists will profit from the data, and we’re creating a platform in which to engage as many people as possible in what’s happening in the Arctic Ocean."

§1. In 2004, Pen Hadow became the first person to trek to the North Pole alone. That meant swimming through unimaginably cold waters, fighting frostbite and risking encounters with polar bears. Just eight months later, he made a similar trip to the South Pole. Now he is back in the Arctic again, preparing for an expedition he says is somewhat of a different kind. This time there is far more at stake. Pen and two colleagues will set out on a three-month, 1,000-kilometre trek to the North Pole, taking detailed measurements of the thickness and density of the ice. Nobody has ever done this before, and he knows the results will be of vital importance to the scientific community. This will be the truest picture yet of what global warming is doing to the ice that covers the polar region.

§ 2. Pen and his wife live in the country with their two children. 'They were one and five when I last went, and I made a mistake in the way I said goodbye. I thought it would be a good idea to say to my son, "You’re the man of the house now, look after your mum and your sister." He absolutely took it to heart, asking his mum how she was all the time, but the strain eventually became too much. While it was well intentioned, it was an unfair thing to do'. For similar reasons he is planning to have very little contact with them while in the Arctic. 'If you call them, you remind them how far away you are'.

§ 3. He is spending these last days before departure preparing his kit "Out on the ice, one is virtually incapable of mending things," he says. With him will be Ann Daniels, one of the world’s leading polar explorers, and the expedition photographer, Martin Hartley. They will be supported by a crew of six, flying in supplies. Being part of a team is actually more stressful to someone with his mentality, says Pen, and something else is on his mind top. "I'm going to be 47 on Thursday. I’ve done far less training than I’m comfortable with." Why? "Organisational things always seem more urgent. So I’m almost fearful of what I'm going to ask of myself."

§ 4. Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove previous generations into the unknown. "Making it to the North Pole was ultimately a personal ambition," he admits, "and of limited value to anyone beyond the polar adventuring community. This time, scientists will profit from the data, and we’re creating a platform in which to engage as many people as possible in what’s happening in the Arctic Ocean."

Honey was the main source of sugar in ancient times. It was highly prized not only as a foodstuff but (1) ... as a medicine. In those days, the art of bee keeping (2) ... known only to a select few members of secret societies, who were treated with great respect. Nowadays, of course, bee-keeping is not surrounded by such mystique. It is a popular hobby that can be (3) ... up by anyone with a (4) ... money to spend and some space in their garden.

Honey was the main source of sugar in ancient times. It was highly prized not only as a foodstuff but (1) ... as a medicine. In those days, the art of bee keeping (2) ... known only to a select few members of secret societies, who were treated with great respect. Nowadays, of course, bee-keeping is not surrounded by such mystique. It is a popular hobby that can be (3) ... up by anyone with a (4) ... money to spend and some space in their garden.

Honey was the main source of sugar in ancient times. It was highly prized not only as a foodstuff but (1) ... as a medicine. In those days, the art of bee keeping (2) ... known only to a select few members of secret societies, who were treated with great respect. Nowadays, of course, bee-keeping is not surrounded by such mystique. It is a popular hobby that can be (3) ... up by anyone with a (4) ... money to spend and some space in their garden.

Honey was the main source of sugar in ancient times. It was highly prized not only as a foodstuff but (1) ... as a medicine. In those days, the art of bee keeping (2) ... known only to a select few members of secret societies, who were treated with great respect. Nowadays, of course, bee-keeping is not surrounded by such mystique. It is a popular hobby that can be (3) ... up by anyone with a (4) ... money to spend and some space in their garden.

(1) ... of the nicest ways to spend a summer afternoon is to have a picnic. (2) ... is something about eating out of doors that is very special. Of (3) ... , some things are essential if the picnic is going to be an enjoyable experience. The weather has to be sunny; (4) ... many people enjoy eating sandwiches in the pouring rain! The site must be carefully chosen. Then, when the meal is finished, you can just relax in the sunshine, or go for a swim.

(1) ... of the nicest ways to spend a summer afternoon is to have a picnic. (2) ... is something about eating out of doors that is very special. Of (3) ... , some things are essential if the picnic is going to be an enjoyable experience. The weather has to be sunny; (4) ... many people enjoy eating sandwiches in the pouring rain! The site must be carefully chosen. Then, when the meal is finished, you can just relax in the sunshine, or go for a swim.

(1) ... of the nicest ways to spend a summer afternoon is to have a picnic. (2) ... is something about eating out of doors that is very special. Of (3) ... , some things are essential if the picnic is going to be an enjoyable experience. The weather has to be sunny; (4) ... many people enjoy eating sandwiches in the pouring rain! The site must be carefully chosen. Then, when the meal is finished, you can just relax in the sunshine, or go for a swim.

(1) ... of the nicest ways to spend a summer afternoon is to have a picnic. (2) ... is something about eating out of doors that is very special. Of (3) ... , some things are essential if the picnic is going to be an enjoyable experience. The weather has to be sunny; (4) ... many people enjoy eating sandwiches in the pouring rain! The site must be carefully chosen. Then, when the meal is finished, you can just relax in the sunshine, or go for a swim.

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

Tea is an (1) ... popular drink with many people. It is estimated that the consumption of tea in England alone exceeds 165 million cups daily. Despite this, the drink was virtually (2) ... in England until about 400 years ago. The first reference to tea in England comes in a diary written in 1660. However, its (3) ... really took off after the marriage of King Charles II to Catherine of Braganza. It was her great love of tea that made it (4) ... .

1.  She described the whole play to us ... detail.

2.  Both my sons are crazy ... old motorbikes.

3.  The restaurant prides itself ... having the best pizza in town.

4.  There are so ... lemons in the fridge that I can't make lemonade.

5.  ... Susan use to be slim when she was at university?

6.  Bob Dylan ... original name was Robert Zimmerman won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.

1.  She described the whole play to us ... detail.

2.  Both my sons are crazy ... old motorbikes.

3.  The restaurant prides itself ... having the best pizza in town.

4.  There are so ... lemons in the fridge that I can't make lemonade.

5.  ... Susan use to be slim when she was at university?

6.  Bob Dylan ... original name was Robert Zimmerman won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.

1.  She described the whole play to us ... detail.

2.  Both my sons are crazy ... old motorbikes.

3.  The restaurant prides itself ... having the best pizza in town.

4.  There are so ... lemons in the fridge that I can't make lemonade.

5.  ... Susan use to be slim when she was at university?

6.  Bob Dylan ... original name was Robert Zimmerman won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.

1.  She described the whole play to us ... detail.

2.  Both my sons are crazy ... old motorbikes.

3.  The restaurant prides itself ... having the best pizza in town.

4.  There are so ... lemons in the fridge that I can't make lemonade.

5.  ... Susan use to be slim when she was at university?

6.  Bob Dylan ... original name was Robert Zimmerman won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.